ROSE SANDLWOOD TREE

    Description of rose sandalwood:

1.Sandalwood is a class of woods from trees in the genus Santalum.
2.The woods are heavy, yellow, and fine-grained, and, unlike many other aromatic woods, retain their fragrance for decades.
3.Sandalwood is also known as santal oil, white saunders oil, white or yellow sandalwood oil, and East Indian sandalwood oil.

Scientific classification 

Kingdom:	Plantae

Clade:	Tracheophytes

Clade:	Angiosperms

Clade:	Eudicots

Order:	Santalales

Family:	Santalaceae

Genus:	Santalum

Species:	S. album
Binomial name

Santalum album

4.Sandalwood oil is extracted from the woods for use. 
5.Sandalwood is often cited as one of the most expensive woods in the world.
6.Both the wood and the oil produce a distinctive fragrance that has been highly valued for centuries.
7.Etymologically it is ultimately derived from Sanskrit चन्दनं Chandanam (čandana-m), the sandalwood tree, meaning "wood for burning incense" and 
related to candrah, "shining, glowing" and the Latin candere, to shine or glow. 86.Sandalwoods are medium-sized hemiparasitic trees, and part of 
the same botanical family as European mistletoe.
8.Notable members of this group are Indian sandalwood (Santalum album) and Australian sandalwood (Santalum spicatum); others in the genus also 
have fragrant wood. 
    

Various unrelated plants with scented wood and also referred to as sandalwood, but not in the true sandalwood genus:
•	Adenanthera pavonina - sandalwood tree, red or false red sandalwood
•	Baphia nitida - camwood, also known as African sandalwood
•	Eremophila mitchellii - sandalwood; false sandalwood (also sandalbox)
•	Myoporum platycarpum - sandalwood; false sandalwood
•	Myoporum sandwicense - bastard sandalwood, false sandalwood
•	Osyris lanceolata - African sandalwood
•	Osyris tenuifolia - east African sandalwood.

Regeneration has been obtained successfully by following methods.
•	Dibbling of seeds into bushes
•	Dibbling of seeds in pits or mounds
•	Planting container raised seedlings in the nurseries

1.Sandalwood oil has a distinctive soft, warm, smooth, creamy, and milky precious-wood scent.
2.It imparts a long-lasting, woody base to perfumes from the oriental, woody, fougère, and chypre families, as well as a fixative to floral and citrus fragrances. 
3.Sandalwood is also a key ingredient in the "floriental" (floral-ambery) fragrance family – when combined with white florals such as jasmine, ylang ylang, gardenia, plumeria, orange blossom, tuberose, etc.
4.Sandalwood oil in India is widely used in the cosmetic industry. The main source of true sandalwood, S. album, is a protected species, and demand for it cannot be met. Many species of plants are traded as "sandalwood".
5.The genus Santalum has more than 19 species.  
6.Isobornyl cyclohexanol is a synthetic fragrance chemical produced as an alternative to the natural product.
7.sandalwood's main components are the two isomers of santalol (about 75%). It is used in aromatherapy and to prepare soaps.
8.Due to its low fluorescence and optimal refractive index, sandalwood oil is often employed as an immersion oil within ultraviolet and fluorescence microscopy.

1.Indian sandalwood is very sacred in the Hindu Ayurveda and is known in Sanskrit as chandana.
2.The wood is used for worshipping the god Shiva, and it is believed that goddess Lakshmi lives in the sandalwood tree.
3.The wood of the tree is made into a paste using sandalwood powder, and this paste is integral to rituals and ceremonies, to make religious utensils, to decorate the icons of the deities, and to calm the mind during meditation and prayer. 4.It is also distributed to devotees, who apply it to their foreheads or necks and chests.[19] Preparation of the paste is a duty fit only for the pure, so is entrusted only to priests when used in temples and during ceremonies.

1.It has various medicinal applications including antiseptic,antispasmodic,astringent,antiohlogistic,caminative,disinfectant,hypotensive,memory enhancing properties etc.
2. In traditional medicine, sandalwood oil has been used as an antiseptic and astringent, and for the treatment of headache, stomachache, and urinary and genital disorders.
3. In India, the essential oil, emulsion, or paste of sandalwood is used in the treatment of inflammatory and eruptive skin diseases. The oil has been used in the traditional Ayurvedic medicinal system as a diuretic and mild stimulant, and for smoothing the skin. 
4.The leaves and bark were used by early Hawaiians to treat dandruff, lice, skin inflammation, and sexually transmitted diseases. Sandalwood oil has also demonstrated repellency against the crop pest Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite).
5. Sandalwood oil has been reported to have diuretic and urinary antiseptic properties, but clinical trial data are lacking. The oil has mainly been used as a fragrance enhancer.

1.Sandalwood oil may cause skin inflammation, although it is generally considered to be nonirritating to human skin.
2. TOXICOLOGY:Sandalwood oil has generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status as a flavoring agent in food by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association, and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also recognizes sandalwood oil as a natural flavoring.

1.Sandalwood, for example, has become one of the hardest to find essential oils. 
2.It also the most adulterated oil on the market. However, there is good news to be had. It is possible to produce organic and/or pesticide- and herbicide-free oils, as well as wild harvested oils that do not damage plant species' survival.
3.They argue that as the roots of the plant leave deposits in the soil, should the industry fail, it may leave their limited arable land useless for future food crops.

1.Spike disease is one of the important diseases of sandal. 
2.This disease is caused by mycoplasma-like organisms (MLO). It can occur at any stage of development of the tree.
3.As the disease progresses, the new leaves become smaller, narrower or more pointed and fewer in number with each successive year until the new shoots give an appearance of fine spike.
4.At the advance stage of disease the inter nodal distance on twigs becomes small, haustorial connection between the host and sandal breaks and the plant dies in about 2 to 3 years.
5.Spread of disease is sporadic and the disease is transmitted in nature by insect vectors. It has been found that other insect vectors in addition to Nephotettix virescens may also be responsible for transmission of disease. So far no permanent remedial measures have been prescribed for control of spike disease.
6.Stem borers Zeuzera coffease Nietn (red borer) Indarbela quardinotata Walker (bark-feeding caterpillar) and Aristobia octofasiculata Aurivillius (heartwood borer) are some of the pests causing considerable damage to living trees.